Exam prep
First Aid, CPR & EMS study guides
CPR, AED, and first-aid steps — as decision trees and rate/ratio tables, not bare answer keys.
28 explained questions, each with the answer, a worked explanation, and something interactive to help it stick.
- A Person Who Responds but Is Not Fully Awake Should Be Placed in What Position?Place them in the recovery position—rolled onto their side. This keeps the airway open and lets fluids or vomit drain out of the mouth, preventing choking in someone who is drowsy, semi-conscious, or not fully alert but still breathing.Read the guide
- What is recommended to minimize interruptions in compressions when using an AED?Keep performing chest compressions while the AED is retrieved and the pads are applied, and pause only when the AED instructs you to for rhythm analysis or a shock. Keep every pause under 10 seconds to maximize blood flow.Read the guide
- When using a pocket mask, where should the rescuer be positioned?At the top of the victim's head (the cephalic position). This lets a lone rescuer tilt the head to open the airway, form a tight two-hand C-E seal on the mask, and watch the chest rise during each breath.Read the guide
- If the patient's chest is not inflating during the breathing task, you should check the patient's what?Check the patient's AIRWAY. If the chest does not rise during rescue breaths, reopen the airway with a head-tilt/chin-lift, look for and clear any obstruction, and re-seal the mask before attempting the breath again.Read the guide
- How is CPR performed differently when an advanced airway is in place?With an advanced airway in place, rescuers give continuous chest compressions at 100-120 per minute without pausing for breaths, while one rescuer delivers a ventilation once every 6 seconds (about 10 breaths per minute). The 30:2 compression-to-ventilation cycle is abandoned.Read the guide
- When Should the Rescuer Operating the AED Clear the Victim?Twice: first when the AED is analyzing the heart rhythm, and again immediately before delivering a shock. No one may touch the victim during analysis or when the AED prompts "stand clear," because contact can distort the reading or cause the rescuer to be shocked.Read the guide
- What Are You Legally Required to Do Before You Touch a Person When Responding to an Emergency?You are legally required to obtain the person's consent before touching them. For a conscious, competent adult you must get expressed (explicit) permission; for an unconscious or unresponsive person, consent is legally implied, so you may proceed with care.Read the guide
- Which of the following are components of high-quality CPR for children? (Select 3 answers)The three components of high-quality pediatric CPR are: (1) an adequate compression rate of 100 to 120 per minute at a depth of at least one-third the chest's front-to-back diameter, (2) allowing full chest recoil between compressions, and (3) minimizing interruptions in chest compressions.Read the guide
- What are the steps you should follow for any injury or environmental emergency?For any injury or environmental emergency, follow the three C's: Check the scene and the victim, Call 911 (or have someone call), and Care for the person until help arrives. Always make sure the scene is safe before you approach.Read the guide
- When a patient is unconscious and non-responsive, should CPR be performed?True, in the sense the quiz intends: an unresponsive person who is not breathing normally (or is only gasping) and has no pulse needs CPR. But unresponsiveness alone is not enough — you must first confirm no normal breathing before starting chest compressions.Read the guide
- How Do You Open the Airway for Breaths When a Single Rescuer Is Present?Use the head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver: place one hand on the forehead and tilt the head back, then use the fingers of your other hand under the bony part of the chin to lift it, moving the tongue off the airway. If you suspect a spinal injury, use the jaw-thrust instead.Read the guide
- What is the preferred method for a pulse check in an infant?Palpate the brachial pulse: place 2–3 fingers on the inside of the upper arm between the shoulder and elbow, and feel for 5 to no more than 10 seconds. It is preferred because an infant's short, thick neck makes the carotid pulse hard to locate.Read the guide
- What Is a Sign of Severe Airway Obstruction?Signs of severe airway obstruction include a weak or silent cough, inability to speak, cry, or breathe, high-pitched or absent breathing sounds (stridor), bluish skin (cyanosis), and the universal choking sign — clutching the throat with both hands.Read the guide
- Which of these best describes the purpose of "Hands-Only" CPR?Hands-Only CPR gives untrained bystanders a simple, effective way to keep oxygenated blood circulating to the brain and vital organs, using continuous chest compressions with no rescue breaths, until EMS arrives. This maintained blood flow improves survival for a collapsed teen or adult.Read the guide
- What is your risk of getting infected with a disease while giving first aid care?The risk is LOW. Catching a disease while giving first aid is uncommon, especially when you use protective barriers such as gloves and a CPR breathing mask and follow good hygiene. Following universal precautions and washing your hands afterward keeps the risk very low.Read the guide
- Life-Threatening Bleeding Is Characterized by Which of the Following?Life-threatening bleeding is characterized by blood that spurts or pulses from the wound and blood that flows steadily and will not stop. Other danger signs include pooling blood, dressings that soak through, and a limb missing.Read the guide
- Which of the following are consumable sources of water?Consumable sources of water include rainfall, melted snow, dew, and water collected from plants. Seawater is not consumable because its high salt concentration forces the body to lose more water than it gains, worsening dehydration.Read the guide
- During CPR, chest compression fraction should be at least what percentage?Chest compression fraction (CCF) should be at least 60%, with an ideal target of 80% or higher. CCF is the proportion of resuscitation time spent actively compressing the chest, and it is maximized by keeping interruptions in compressions as short as possible.Read the guide
- What is the best approach to lowering the risk for infection when giving first aid care?Follow standard (universal) precautions: treat all blood and body fluids as potentially infectious. The single best step is wearing disposable, latex-free gloves and other PPE, combined with thorough hand hygiene, to avoid direct contact with bloodborne pathogens.Read the guide
- All of the Following Are Components of Scene Size-Up Except?The exception is checking the patient's responsiveness. Scene size-up covers scene safety, standard precautions/PPE, the mechanism of injury or nature of illness, the number of patients, and the need for additional resources. Responsiveness is assessed later, during the primary assessment.Read the guide
- If You Witness a Child Collapse, You Should Do What First?If you personally witness a child suddenly collapse, activate EMS (call 911) and get an AED first, because a witnessed sudden collapse is likely a cardiac (arrhythmic) event. If the collapse was unwitnessed or the child was found down, give 2 minutes of CPR first, then call.Read the guide
- Which of the Following May Be Signs of Choking? (Select 3 Answers)The three signs are: inability to talk, cough, or breathe; clutching the throat with the hands (the universal choking sign); and skin turning pale or bluish (cyanosis) from lack of oxygen. These indicate a severe airway obstruction requiring immediate action.Read the guide
- What Is the Maximum Interval for Pausing Chest Compressions?The maximum interval for pausing chest compressions is 10 seconds. American Heart Association BLS guidelines limit any interruption — for breaths, rhythm checks, or defibrillation — to no more than 10 seconds to preserve coronary and cerebral blood flow.Read the guide
- Which Team Role Makes Treatment Decisions and Assigns Roles During CPR?The Team Leader makes treatment decisions and assigns roles to the other members of the resuscitation team. The team leader directs and coordinates the high-performance CPR/ACLS team, ensuring each role is filled and interventions happen in the right order.Read the guide
- For purposes of CPR/AED, a child is defined as someone between which ages?For CPR/AED, a child is someone from 1 year old up to the onset of puberty (roughly 12-14, judged by physical signs like underarm or chest hair or breast development). Below 1 year is an infant; at puberty and beyond, use adult techniques.Read the guide
- How can you increase chest compression fraction during a code?Charge the defibrillator before the rhythm check, about 15 seconds ahead, so compressions continue right up to the moment of analysis and can resume instantly. This minimizes hands-off pauses, keeping chest compression fraction (CCF) high, ideally above 60-80%.Read the guide
- Which of the Following Would Indicate Cardiac Arrest? (Select 2 Answers)The two signs of cardiac arrest are: (1) the person is unresponsive, and (2) the person is not breathing or only gasping (agonal breathing). Chest pain, headache, or dizziness are warning symptoms, often of a heart attack, not defining signs of cardiac arrest.Read the guide
- You Arrive on the Scene With the Code Team — What Do You Do Next in ACLS?For an asystole (non-shockable) arrest, immediately resume high-quality CPR, establish IV/IO access, and give epinephrine 1 mg every 3-5 minutes. Do not defibrillate — asystole is not a shockable rhythm — and search for reversible causes (the Hs and Ts).Read the guide